A bony bump at the base of the big toe that causes it to angle toward the other toes.
To support a 10% rating based on surgery, your records should show that an operation was performed and that it included resection of the metatarsal head. Operative reports, surgical notes, and post-operative records from the treating facility are the most direct evidence of what procedure was done. To support a 10% rating based on severity, your records would need to show that the condition functions similarly to a loss of the great toe. Examination findings documenting severely restricted movement, significant structural deformity, or inability to bear weight through the great toe would be relevant. Imaging such as X-rays can document bone changes and deformity. Statements from you or people who know you describing how the condition affects walking, standing, or daily tasks can help show functional impact consistent with that level of severity.
Conditions that are often caused or made worse by this one. If you have any of these, they may be claimable as secondary service connection.