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5255
§ 4.71a Schedule of ratings—musculoskeletal system.

Femur (thigh bone) impairment

Damage or dysfunction of the femur, the long bone of the thigh.

What the rating means

VA rates femur impairment under diagnostic code 5255. The rating depends on whether a fracture resulted in nonunion or malunion, and on specific findings about bone stability and weight bearing.

For a fracture of the shaft or anatomical neck of the femur with nonunion and loose motion, such as a spiral or oblique fracture, the rating is 80%. If there is nonunion without loose motion but weight bearing is only possible with a brace, the rating is 60%. A fracture of the surgical neck of the femur resulting in a false joint is also rated at 60%.

When the femur has healed in a malunited position, VA does not rate it directly under this code. Instead, VA evaluates it under the diagnostic codes that cover knee conditions (5256, 5257, 5260, or 5261) or hip conditions (5250 through 5254), whichever produces the highest rating. This means the rating for malunion depends entirely on how much the knee or hip is affected.

Evidence that helps

To support an 80% rating for nonunion with loose motion, medical records and imaging — such as X-rays or CT scans — showing failure of the fracture to heal, along with clinical exam findings documenting abnormal or loose movement at the fracture site, would be relevant. A physician's description of the spiral or oblique fracture pattern can also help establish this level.

For a 60% rating based on nonunion without loose motion, records showing the fracture did not heal but that the bone remains stable, combined with documentation that you require a brace to bear weight, are central. Prescriptions or fitting records for a brace, and notes from your treating provider confirming weight-bearing limitations, directly support this criterion. For the 60% false-joint rating, imaging and clinical notes confirming a false joint at the surgical neck are the key findings.

If your femur healed with malunion, the supporting evidence shifts to whichever knee or hip condition is being evaluated, such as range-of-motion measurements, X-ray findings, or documentation of pain and functional loss in those joints.

Secondary conditions

Conditions that are often caused or made worse by this one. If you have any of these, they may be claimable as secondary service connection.